{"id":913,"date":"2016-08-24T05:50:28","date_gmt":"2016-08-24T05:50:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thesica.in\/?p=913"},"modified":"2017-12-03T06:08:33","modified_gmt":"2017-12-03T06:08:33","slug":"19th-august-1939-world-photographic-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesica.in\/ta\/19th-august-1939-world-photographic-day\/","title":{"rendered":"19TH AUGUST, 1939 (WORLD PHOTOGRAPHIC DAY)"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]World Photography Day<\/b>\u00a0originates from the invention of the Daguerreotype, a photographic process developed by JosephNicephore Niepce<\/a>and Louis Daguerre in 1837.<\/p>\n

On 9th<\/sup>\u00a0January 1839, the French Academy of Sciences announced the Daguerreotype process. A few months later, on 19th<\/sup>August 1839, French government purchased the patent and announced the invention as a gift\u00a0\u2018<\/i>Free to the World\u2019.\u00a0<\/i><\/b>The word\u00a0photography<\/i><\/b>\u00a0was first used by scientist Sir John F.W. Herschel in 1839.<\/p>\n

To create what we know today as photography or painting with light, dates back to several inventors trying to form image.<\/p>\n

Beginning was as early as 5th<\/sup>\u00a0century B.C. where a small hole was used to direct the straight rays of light against a wall in a darkened room, creating an image reversed of that found on the outside (Historic Camera).<\/p>\n

Later, by the 15th<\/sup>\u00a0century, Leonardo Da Vinci would describe clearly a similar device, now coined by its name as Camera Obscura, that followed the same principals but in a smaller instrument consisting of a wooden box.<\/p>\n

By the 16th<\/sup>\u00a0century, a lens is added to the configuration to have greater control of the light entering the device. Modern camera Obscura with optics was built by English scientists Robert Boyle and Robert Hooke.<\/p>\n

Now challenge left was to record and fix the image. In 1816, Frenchman\u00a0Nicephore Niepce<\/a>\u00a0made a crude wood camera fitted with a microscopic lens. He invented Heliography around 1826, which he used to make the earliest known permanent photograph from nature,\u00a0View from the Window at Le Gras.<\/i><\/b>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_media_grid grid_id=”vc_gid:1510725029691-501d36e8-8318-9″ include=”914,915,916″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]This process used bitumen (Residue from petrol or coal), as a coating on glass or metal, which hardened in relation to exposure to light. When the plate was washed with oil of lavender, only the hardened image area remained.\u00a0View from the Window at Le Gras<\/i>\u00a0<\/b>required as long as eight-hour exposure.<\/p>\n

The first practical photographic process was developed in 1837 by JosephNicephore Niepce<\/a>and Louis Daguerre formed the basis of\u00a0photography<\/b>,\u00a0exposing, developing and fixing<\/b>\u00a0the image.<\/p>\n

The process developed by them is of brass plate coated with silver was sensitized by iodine vapor and exposed to light in a camera for several minutes. A weak positive image produced by mercury vapor was fixed with a solution of salt.<\/p>\n

At the same time, Calo type process was also invented by\u00a0William Henry Fox Talbot\u00a0<\/b>and he presented it to Royal society of London.<\/p>\n

Then came wet plate process called \u2018collodian\u2019 process developed byFrederick Scott Archer<\/a>in 1850\u2019s which almost replaced\u00a0Daguerreotype<\/b>\u00a0type process, This\u00a0 process had advantages of producing a negative and multiple positive images.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=”917″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]The collodion process produced a negative image on a transparent medium \u2018glass\u2019 involved adding a soluble iodide to a solution of\u00a0collodion<\/a>\u00a0(cellulose nitrate) and coating a glass\u00a0plate<\/a>with the mixture. In the darkroom the plate was immersed in a solution ofsilver nitrate<\/a>\u00a0to form\u00a0silver iodide<\/a>.The plate, still wet, was exposed in the camera. It was then developed by pouring a solution of\u00a0pyrogallic acid<\/a>\u00a0over it and was fixed with a strong solution of Sodium Thiosulfate.
\nDr Richard Maddox discovered a method of using gelatin instead of glass as the plate material for the light-sensitive solution. This discovery led to the invention of dry plate photography, a process that did not require the photographer to use a darkroom tent for immediate plate development as had been required by wet plate process.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=”918″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]George Eastman introduced celluloid based film in 1884 and the small portable easy to usebox camera<\/a>\u00a0in 1888.Photography could now reach the masses, once the 100 shots on the camera had been taken, the camera was sent back to Kodak for film processing, new film was loaded, and the camera was returned ready-for-use to the owner.<\/b>\u00a0<\/b>Kodak marketed cameras with the tag line\u00a0\u2018You press the button, we do the rest\u2019.<\/b>\u00a0This was a major breakthrough for photography becoming most sort art for public.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n

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